Power plant Company / Projects in India

Power plant Company / Projects in India, their name, Capacity and Location State wise :-

Anadhra Pradesh

1. Spectrum Power Generation Ltd 1350 Mw II Expansion at Kakinada, A.P AP
2. Kineta Power Pvt. Ltd 1980 MW 1980 Thaminapatnam village, Chilakur Mandal, Nellore District, AP AP
3. APGENCO 182 MW 182 Narla Tata Rao TPS Krishna District,(A.P) AP
4. Suryachakra Thermal Energy (Andhra) Pvt. Ltd. –TOR 2 x 70 MW 140 Jharupudi village, Srikakulam district Andhra Pradesh AP
5. East Coast Energy Pvt. Ltd 2640 MW 2640 Kakrapalli village, Sri Kakulam District, Andhra Pradesh AP
6. APGENCO 600 MW 600 Chelpur village, Ghanpur Mandal, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh AP
7. Vemagiri Power Generation Ltd 800 MW 800 Vemagiri, East Godavari Distt, Andhra Pradesh AP
8. Meenakshi Energy Pvt. Ltd 900 MW 900 Thammenapatnam Village, Chillakur Mandal, Nellore Distt.(A.P) AP
9. Nagarjuna Construction Co. Ltd 2640 MW 2640 Sompeta Distt. Srikakulam A.P AP
10. Alfa Infraprop Pvt. Ltd 2640 MW 2640 Komarada TPP, Vizianagaram Distt., (A.P) AP
11. GVK Power (Jegurupadu) Private Limited 400 MW 400 Jegurupadu, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh AP

Pour of Chimney Shell by Slipforming Methodology.

Salient points
While pour of Chimney Shell by slipforming methodology.
In order to ensure high quality concrete while pour of Chimney shell, under mentioned
points are to be taken care of while execution:
1. Concrete layer thickness shall not exceed 250 mm.
2. Sliding of slipform panels shall not exceed 25 mm per lift.
3. Slipping of form panels shall after be 3 to 4 hours subsequent to completion of
placement of earliest layer.
4. The lifting frequency of form panels shall be restricted to 10 minutes.
5. Freeboard in slipform panels shall be maintained minimum 250 mm while top
layer is poured.
6. Care shall be exercised that concrete manufactured is consumed within 2
hours 30 minutes; this includes time consumed towards manufacture of
concrete, transportation of concrete and final placement in to the forms.
7. At two discrete locations diametrically opposite to each other , tilt and / or
twist and / or complex phenomenon involving tilt and twist shall be checked
@ 6 [six] hours interval during the course of pour. This verticality check shall
be exercised with “Self-Leveling-Auto-Shut-Off” LASER instrument. The
locations at ground where the instruments are proposed to be placed shall be
protected from spilled off concrete from atop, e.g., by covering with Plastic
sheet or empty cement bag.

READY MIX CONCRETE

•Ready mix concrete is concrete that is made at ready-mixed plant and then transported to the site in rotating-drum trucks or transit mixers.
•Proportioning, batching, mixing and delivery are all done by the concrete supplier.
•High quality control
•Advantages of using ready mix concrete:

a) better quality concrete due to usage of trained personnel and automated equipment.
b) elimination of material storage on congested building sites- no need to allocate place at site for storage of cement, aggregate, sand
c) save the contractor’s time and usage of labour’s energy to mix the concrete 

•For ready mix concrete supply, the purchaser should specify the following: 
a) Designated max. size of coarse aggregate
b) Desired / max. slump at the point of delivery
c) Air content (for air entrained concrete)
d) Mix design requirement – such as cement content, max. water content & admixtures or minimum compressive strength at 28 days
e) Unit weight required (for structural lightweight concrete).

Imp points abt mixing of concrete

MIXING

•Done in order to ensure each particle of aggregate in fresh concrete will be coated with the cement paste

•Also to give a homogenous even coloured product.

•First stage of mixing is called “BATCHING”.

•Batching is process where it involves weighing out or measuring out all of the ingredients for a batch of concrete.

•The materials that are mixed at any one time constitute a batch.

•Quality of concrete depends on the accuracy of the batching operation.

•However, thorough mixing is essential for complete blending of the materials that are required for the production of homogeneous, uniform concrete.

•Inadequate mixing result in lower strength.

•There are 2 method for concrete mixing that is:  

    a) hand mixing

    b) machine mixing

•The biggest problem with concrete produced with construction mixers on site is quality control.

Geotechnical design methods for piles

In order to separate their behavioural responses to applied pile load, soils are classified as either granular/noncohesive or clays/cohesive. The generic formulae used to predict soil resistance to pile load include empirical modifying factors which can be adjusted according to previous engineering experience of the influence on the accuracy of predictions of changes in soil type and other factors such as the time delay before load testing.

 The load settlement response is composed of two separate components, the linear elastic shaft friction R_s and non-linear base resistance R_b. The concept of the separate evaluation of shaft friction and base resistance forms the bases of "static or soil mechanics" calculation of pile carrying capacity. The basic equations to be used for this are written as:

Q = Q_b + Q_s - W_p or

R_c = R_b + R_s - W_p

R_t = R_s + W_p

 Where: Q = R_c = the ultimate compression resistance of the pile

Q_b = R_b = base resistance

Q_s = R_s = shaft resistance

W_p = weight of the pile

R_t = tensile resistance of pile

METHOD FOR PULLOUT TEST FOR PILES

Pile to be tested shall be chipped off and dressed to natural horizontal plane till sound concrete is met or till up to cut off level. Arrangement shall be made to fix the four dial gauges / LVDT set on periphery of the pile.

Reinforcement bars or special anchor bars shall be used for anchoring of girder with test pile as per design.

Supports shall be built as per design &requirement at both sides of test piles. The reaction to pull out will be generated from these supports (as per design), which shall be at least 3 D away from the test pile periphery, where D is the diameter of test pile.

Girder of sufficient length & section (as per design) shall be placed over test pile with center coinciding with center of test pile. Both ends of girder shall be temporarily supported to accommodate the hydraulic jacks & bearing plates kept over reaction supports.

High-volume fly ash (HVFA) Concrete

Typically, concrete made with fly ash will be slightly lower in strength than straight cement concrete up to 28 days, equal strength at 28 days, and substantially higher strength within a year’s time. Thus, fly ash concrete achieves significantly higher ultimate strength than can be achieved with conventional concrete.

Fly Ash concrete is more durable than normal concrete made with ordinary Portland Cement.However, present specifications of 28 day strength do not allow taking full advantage of benefits that Fly Ash concrete offers. Developing sustainable concrete structures to last 100 years or more can require extending the common 28-day strength specifications. With extended age strength parameters, better, more durable concrete can be achieved.

It is important to note that extended strength parameters are not suitable for every application. However, if extended age strengths are acceptable, higher percentages of fly ash can be used. With the right expertise, mix designs can be amended to reflect a percentage of strength at designated time-frames with an ultimate strength overall. Utilizing the experience of the local ready mix producer, proper mix designs can be developed to optimize the projects timeline in order to achieve the highest quality concrete for the project.